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 *Source Water Protection



This website and the accompanying report are the output of a research project conducted by Environmental Engineering & Technology, Inc. on Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs): Water Utility Issues and Regulatory Controls. The project was funded by the Awwa Research Foundation (AwwaRF Project No. 3020) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA).

The information and guidance presented in this report will help drinking water utilities better understand the basics of animal feeding operations and related agricultural activities, the characteristics and quantity of the wastes produced, the fate and transport of these contaminants in the environment, potential contaminant impacts on source water quality, and strategies that water utilities and/or AFOs may use to control and monitor the release of these contaminants to drinking water sources.

The information was obtained from a variety of sources including review of available literature, consultation with utility participants and a team of expert technical advisors, a survey of drinking water utilities, and in-depth examination of related source water protection case studies, including site visits to a variety of water utilities and CAFOs in Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, North Carolina, and New York.

EE&T, Inc. is a consulting engineering firm specializing in the water and wastewater field, providing services in source water protection, treatability studies, planning, design, and construction administration.